Maintaining Chain of Custody in Phlebotomy: Essential Procedures and Protocols

Summary

• Proper chain of custody is crucial in phlebotomy to maintain the integrity and legality of samples.
• Following strict procedures and protocols ensures accurate patient identification and Sample Handling.
• Documentation and communication are key aspects of maintaining chain of custody in the field of phlebotomy.

Introduction

Phlebotomy is a critical aspect of healthcare that involves the collection of blood samples for diagnostic testing. Proper chain of custody is essential in phlebotomy to ensure the accuracy, integrity, and legality of samples collected. In the United States, there are specific steps and procedures that must be followed to maintain chain of custody when collecting and handling samples in the field of phlebotomy.

Proper Patient Identification

One of the first steps in ensuring proper chain of custody in phlebotomy is to correctly identify the patient. This is crucial to prevent sample mix-ups and ensure that the results are accurately linked to the correct individual. The following steps should be followed to verify patient identification:

1. Ask the patient to state their full name and date of birth
2. Compare this information to the requisition form or electronic medical record
3. Ask the patient to confirm their identity by presenting a government-issued photo ID
4. Verify any allergies or medical conditions that may affect the collection process

Sample Collection Procedures

Once the patient has been correctly identified, the phlebotomist can proceed with the sample collection. The following steps should be followed to maintain chain of custody during this process:

1. Explain the procedure to the patient and obtain their consent
2. Select the appropriate equipment for sample collection (e.g. needles, tubes, and syringes)
3. Cleanse the site of collection with an antiseptic solution
4. Collect the sample using sterile techniques to prevent contamination
5. Label each sample tube with the patient's full name, date of birth, and a unique identifier
6. Complete all necessary documentation, including the date and time of collection, and any relevant patient information

Transporting and Handling Samples

After the samples have been collected, they must be transported and handled properly to ensure chain of custody. The following steps should be followed during this process:

1. Place the samples in a secure container or transport bag to prevent tampering
2. Keep the samples at the appropriate temperature to maintain their integrity
3. Ensure that the samples are delivered to the laboratory promptly to prevent degradation
4. Record the chain of custody information, including the date and time of sample collection, transportation, and receipt by the laboratory

Documentation and Communication

Documentation and communication are key aspects of maintaining chain of custody in phlebotomy. The following steps should be followed to ensure accurate record-keeping and information sharing:

1. Document all steps of the sample collection process, including patient identification, sample collection, and transportation
2. Communicate any Discrepancies or issues with sample collection to the laboratory staff or healthcare provider
3. Keep detailed records of all chain of custody information, including any deviations from the standard procedures

Conclusion

Proper chain of custody is essential in phlebotomy to maintain the accuracy and legality of samples collected for diagnostic testing. By following strict procedures and protocols for patient identification, sample collection, transportation, and documentation, phlebotomists can ensure the integrity of the samples and the reliability of the Test Results. Communication and record-keeping are also crucial aspects of maintaining chain of custody in the field of phlebotomy within the United States.

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