Understanding the Impact of Additives in Serum Separator Tubes and Red Top Tubes on Laboratory Tests
Summary
- Serum Separator Tubes (SST) and Red Top tubes are commonly used in phlebotomy in the United States.
- Additives present in SST and Red Top tubes can impact the outcomes of laboratory tests.
Serum Separator Tubes (SST) and Red Top Tubes in Phlebotomy
When it comes to collecting blood samples for laboratory tests, phlebotomists rely on specific types of tubes to ensure accurate results. Two common types of tubes used in phlebotomy are Serum Separator Tubes (SST) and Red Top tubes. These tubes contain different additives that help in the processing of blood samples and separation of serum, which can impact the outcomes of laboratory tests.
Serum Separator Tubes (SST)
- SST tubes typically have a gel separator at the bottom that separates the serum from the blood cells after centrifugation.
- The gel separator in SST tubes mainly consists of silica particles and a gel of polymers such as polyacrylamide.
- This gel forms a physical barrier between the serum and the blood cells, allowing for easy separation during the centrifugation process.
- SST tubes also contain additives such as clot activators, which promote the clotting of blood, and anticoagulants like EDTA or Heparin to prevent clotting.
Red Top Tubes
- Red Top tubes, on the other hand, do not have a gel separator like SST tubes.
- These tubes are typically used for tests that require serum or clotted blood samples.
- Red Top tubes may contain additives such as clot activators, anticoagulants, or nothing at all, depending on the specific test being conducted.
Impact of Additives on Laboratory Tests
The additives present in SST and Red Top tubes can significantly impact the outcomes of laboratory tests. Understanding the specific additives in these tubes is crucial for phlebotomists and laboratory technicians to ensure accurate results.
Clot Activators
Clot activators are additives that promote the clotting of blood, which is important for tests that require serum samples. However, excessive clotting can interfere with the accuracy of certain tests, leading to erroneous results. It is essential for phlebotomists to follow proper procedures for tube inversion and mixing to prevent clot formation.
Anticoagulants
Anticoagulants like EDTA or Heparin are used to prevent blood clotting in tubes, which is necessary for tests that require plasma samples. These additives can affect the morphology of blood cells and interfere with the accuracy of certain tests if not properly mixed or handled. Phlebotomists must ensure thorough mixing of blood with anticoagulants to maintain Sample Integrity.
Gel Separators
The gel separator in SST tubes plays a crucial role in separating serum from blood cells during centrifugation. Improper handling or storage of SST tubes can lead to gel migration or contamination, affecting the accuracy of Test Results. Phlebotomists must be trained on the proper handling of SST tubes to prevent errors in laboratory tests.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the additives present in SST and Red Top tubes play a vital role in the outcomes of laboratory tests in phlebotomy. Understanding the specific additives in these tubes and their impact on Test Results is essential for accurate diagnosis and patient care. Phlebotomists and laboratory technicians must follow proper procedures for tube handling and processing to ensure reliable Test Results.
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