Common Types of Tubes Used for Blood Collection in the United States
Summary
- There are several common types of tubes used for blood collection in the United States, each with specific additives for different tests.
- The most commonly used tubes are the red-top tube, lavender-top tube, and green-top tube, each serving different purposes in clinical lab testing.
- Tests typically ordered for each tube include basic chemistries, complete blood count, and coagulation studies, among others.
Introduction
When a patient undergoes blood collection, it is crucial to use the appropriate type of tube to ensure accurate Test Results. In the United States, there are several common types of tubes used for blood collection, each designed for specific tests and containing different additives. Understanding the purpose of each tube and the tests typically ordered for them is essential for healthcare professionals in hospitals, clinical labs, and home healthcare settings.
Types of Tubes and Tests Ordered
Red-Top Tube
The red-top tube is one of the most commonly used tubes for blood collection in the United States. It is typically used for serum tests, such as chemistries and serology. The red-top tube does not contain any additives, making it suitable for tests that require a plain serum sample. Some of the tests typically ordered for a red-top tube include:
- Basic metabolic panel (BMP)
- Liver function tests (LFTs)
- Lipid panel
- Glucose testing
- Cardiac enzymes
Lavender-Top Tube
The lavender-top tube is used for collecting whole blood or plasma samples. It contains the Anticoagulant EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), which helps preserve the blood sample for certain tests. The lavender-top tube is commonly used for hematology tests, such as complete blood count (CBC) and blood typing. Some of the tests typically ordered for a lavender-top tube include:
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Peripheral blood smear
- Hemoglobin A1c
- Blood typing and cross-matching
- Sedimentation rate
Green-Top Tube
The green-top tube contains the Anticoagulant Heparin and is used for collecting plasma samples. Heparin prevents blood clotting by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa. The green-top tube is commonly used for tests that require plasma rather than serum, such as coagulation studies. Some of the tests typically ordered for a green-top tube include:
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
- Fibrinogen testing
- D-dimer test
- Antithrombin activity
Gray-Top Tube
The gray-top tube contains the Anticoagulant Sodium Fluoride and Potassium Oxalate. It is used for collecting blood samples for glucose testing, as the additives prevent glycolysis by inhibiting enzymes in the blood. The gray-top tube is commonly used for Fasting Blood Glucose tests and oral glucose tolerance tests. Some of the tests typically ordered for a gray-top tube include:
- Fasting Blood Glucose
- Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
- Glucose tolerance test (GTT)
- Lactate testing
- Alcohol testing
Conclusion
Understanding the common types of tubes used for blood collection in the United States and the tests typically ordered for each tube is essential for healthcare professionals in hospitals, clinical labs, and home healthcare settings. By using the appropriate tube for each test, Healthcare Providers can ensure accurate and reliable results, leading to better patient care and outcomes.
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