Factors Affecting Blood Sample Integrity: Importance of Handling, Storage and Transportation
Summary
- The type of blood collection tube used can affect the integrity of collected blood samples.
- Improper storage and transportation of blood samples can lead to degradation of the sample.
- Factors such as hemolysis, contamination, and clotting can also impact the integrity of collected blood samples.
Introduction
Collecting blood samples for analysis is a critical step in medical diagnosis and treatment. The integrity of these samples is crucial in ensuring accurate and reliable Test Results. Various factors can affect the integrity of collected blood samples, leading to inaccurate results and potentially impacting patient care.
Type of Blood Collection Tube
The type of blood collection tube used plays a significant role in maintaining the integrity of blood samples. Different tubes are designed for specific tests and can contain various additives to prevent clotting or stabilize certain analytes. Using the wrong tube can result in sample contamination or clotting, leading to inaccurate results.
Proper Handling and Storage
Proper handling and storage of blood samples are essential to maintain Sample Integrity. Samples should be stored at the correct temperature and protected from light to prevent degradation. Improper storage conditions can lead to changes in analyte concentrations or the growth of microorganisms, affecting Test Results.
Transportation
The transportation of blood samples from the collection site to the testing facility is another critical factor that can impact Sample Integrity. Samples should be transported in a timely manner and under the appropriate conditions to prevent changes in analyte concentrations or contamination. Delays or improper transportation can lead to inaccurate Test Results.
Hemolysis
Hemolysis, the breakdown of red blood cells, can occur during blood collection or processing and can affect the integrity of blood samples. Hemolyzed samples can lead to falsely elevated potassium, LDH, and AST levels, among other analytes. Care should be taken to prevent hemolysis during sample collection and handling.
Contamination
Contamination of blood samples can occur from a variety of sources, including improper sample collection techniques, equipment, or environmental factors. Contaminated samples can lead to false-positive or false-negative Test Results, impacting patient care. Proper aseptic techniques should be used to prevent sample contamination.
Clotting
Clotting of blood samples can occur if the sample is not properly mixed with anticoagulants or if the tube is not inverted immediately after collection. Clotted samples can lead to inaccurate Test Results, as analytes may not be evenly distributed in the sample. Care should be taken to ensure proper mixing and handling of blood samples to prevent clotting.
Conclusion
Ensuring the integrity of collected blood samples is essential for accurate and reliable Test Results. Various factors, such as the type of blood collection tube, proper handling and storage, transportation, hemolysis, contamination, and clotting, can impact Sample Integrity. Healthcare professionals should be aware of these factors and take necessary precautions to maintain the integrity of blood samples for optimal patient care.
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